Cmos ring oscillator, phase noise, voltage controlled oscillator. Design and optimization of differential ring oscillator. Hierarchical optimization technology, hsim, hsimplus, insync, intandem, i virtual stepper. Even though this question may be solved, i ran into this sort of problem when trying to simulate the wien bridge oscillator. Getting started with hspice oregon state university. Mar, 2015 basically,what i know of a ring oscillator it is a circuit with only one stable operating point that is vinvoutthreshold of the inverter. This project is dedicated to the optimization of any electrical and electronic circuits and components using evolutionary and heuristic algorithms incorporated with spice simulators such as hspice, ngspice, etc. We show that designers of ro pufs implemented in fpgas need a precise control of placement and routing and an appropriate selection of ros pairs to. Hi i want to simulate a vco using cmos, and im trying to simulate a 5 stage ring oscillator in hspice first. Analysis of frequency and amplitude in cmos differential ring. Ring oscillator design in 32nm cmos with frequency and power. Pll random jitter estimation using different vco phase noise simulation methodologies metha jeeradit, yohan frans, reza navid, and bruno garlepp rambus inc. Read these technical documents to get detailed guidance of how to use pspice technology. High frequency voltage controlled ring oscillators in.
Using pspice, simulate the cmos ring oscillator ci. Simulating a 1ghz ring oscillator using cadence spectre. Atlasmixedmode simulation of a three stage cmos ring oscillator part i. The proposed approach is based on the simultaneous utilization of powerful and new multiobjective optimization techniques along with a circuit simulator under a data link. Ring oscillator benchmark 101 stage nand2 ring oscillator simulation results comparison msim accurate mode difference 0. The proposed optimizing tool creates a perfect tradeoff between the contradictory objective. Pufs are used to extract a unique signature of an integrated circuit in order to authenticate a device andor to generate a key. The performance of the proposed circuit is simulated using hspice software. Hspice is a smart program and will automatically assign ohms to resistors, farads to capacitors, and henries to inductors. Recall that an oscillator is similar to a function generator, producing what can appear as a sinusoidal output without an input signal. A cmos voltage controlled ring oscillator based on nstage singleended chain of different inverter types is described in this paper. Pspice cmos ring oscillator schematic the mosfet transistors are found in the. The hspice simulated ring oscillator achieved a frequency of oscillation of 2.
Originally developed at berkeley in the late 60s and early 70s, spice has evolved into one of the tools of choice for circuit simulation. Please click on the notes tab in the left panel to read the instructors comments for each slide. The proposed optimizing tool creates a perfect tradeoff between the contradictory. Simulation of a ring oscillator with cmos inverters. Design of optimal cmos ring oscillator using an intelligent. For example, for a 151stage nand ring oscillator using level 49. Ring oscillator consists of odd number of inverters connected in series to form a closed loop with positive feedback.
Minimization of average power consumption in 3 stage cmos ring. According to this table the proposed ring oscillator can work in higher frequencies with lower frequency deviation in compared with simple structures. R ohm c farad l henry the scaling for the all units in hspice is done by. Pll random jitter estimation using different vco phase noise. Design of lowphase noise, lowpower ring oscillator for.
High frequency voltage controlled ring oscillators in standard cmos yalcin alper eken phd candidate in school of ece gatech july 7th, 2003 2 agenda integrated vco types ring oscillator theory important characteristics of ring oscillators frequency noise high frequency low noise ring oscillators prototype chip performance comparison. A systematic and efficient graphical optimization method was employed to find the optimal dimensions of the vco which give a best performance. The voltage gain of the amplifier circuit must be equal too or greater than 3 for oscillations to start because the input is of the output. Hspice and cosmosscope tutorial hspice is used for circuit simulation and cosmosscope is used to view output. Minimization of average power consumption in 3 stage cmos ring oscillator based on msfla, fuzzymsfla, ga, and fuzzyga. Cmos ring oscillator with combined delay stages, international journal of electronics and. To provide a tutorial on hspice spice commands, such as, include. Figure 7 waveform of a ring oscillator transient analysis. The license agreement with synopsys permits licensee to make copies of the documentation for its internal use only.
Table 5 shows that in superthreshold operation, ring oscillator constructed using cnfets has frequency around 2 k times faster than the mosfetbased ring oscillator circuit and the full adder is 125 times faster with just 1% pdp of an equivalent mosfetbased full adder circuit and 4bit cnfet rca circuit is 61 times feaster with 1% pdp of an. Flexible measurements in optimization process hspice compatible format. Im not getting any oscillations even though ive specified an initial condition, and the output voltage appears to settle somewhere between vdd and 0 after some initial spikes. Using inputs 3 or 39 to the control nor gates on the 115gate ring oscillator see figure 1, it is possible to start and stop the ring oscillator. The hspice software is using bslm3 model library files.
This section will also include a description of the general. A flexible 200khz20mhz ring oscillator in a 40nm cmos. The delay sensitivity to key mosfet parameter variations in a variety of ring oscillator designs is studied using a compact model for partially depleted silicon on insulatorpdsoi technology. This example shows the monte carlo simulation of the waveform of a ring oscillator. Introduction to modeling mosfets in spice page 2 rochester institute of technology microelectronic engineering adobe presenter this powerpoint module has been published using adobe presenter. The ring oscillator with multiple stages shows less oscillation frequency, so to dazed this difficulty.
Hspice is just a program that takes in a netlist a simple text. Multiloopringoscillator design and analysis for submicron cmos a dissertation by erik pankratz submitted to the of. Spice reads in a list of circuit nodes and the elements between. The concept of a ring oscillator will then be extended to an array oscillator in section iii. You will use winspice to simulate the ring oscillator. I write this, but it has an error, whats my mistake. Pdf a cmos voltage controlled ring oscillator with improved. Video tutorial on using ltspice on the mac is found here. Chapter 11 optimizing performance optimization, the automatic generation of model parameters and component values from a given set of electrical specifications or measured data, is available in star hspice. Capture the circuit schematic of a cmos inverter using electric. The output pin, out, also serves as the input for the gates at the first stage. Cmos ring oscillator with combined delay stages request pdf. Hspice applications manual department of electrical and. Although any netlists you create will work on both versions, using hspice in these di.
Using bsimpro or utmost global optimization using bsimpro or utmost. Design and optimization of the ring oscillator based injection locked frequency dividers. In this system, the design of ring oscillator using delay stages inside the ic has created much more importance compared to other monolithic. Ring oscillator design in 32nm cmos with frequency and. With a userdefined optimization program and a known circuit topology, star hspice automatically selects the design components and model. Table 6 shows in subthreshold operation, ring oscillator constructed using cnfets has frequency around 8. Silvaco atlasmixedmode simulation of a three stage cmos. A ring oscillator io benchmark for the arietta g25 arm embedded module jsphplarietta ringbenchmark. The schematic includes 3 pmos transistors with the width w2. This example includes a verilogams testbench and a ring oscillator circuit implemented with a mixture of spice and verilog inverters. Simple five stage inverters as well as ring oscillator with 100nm length and 200nm width transistors are created to simulate. Existing 90nm ring oscillator test chip measurements are leveraged, and the performance of ring oscillator circuit is simulated across the process parameter variation space using hspice and the parametric yield simulator in the collaborative platform for dfm. May 16, 20 download ring oscillator useful and educational simulation.
The proposed combined skewed ring oscillator is a vco due to using current starved inverter. To provide instruction for the representation and testing of actual circuits in hspice spice. The proposal is characterized by increased frequency stability. This means we need to assign an initial condition to that pin. We provide optimer, which is a user graphical interface for circuit design and optimization. Interfacing synchronous and asynchronous modules within a high. Hspice user guide, rf analysis university of rhode island. An example 3stage ring oscillator circuit is shown here. First design is proposed using cmos inverter stage in a differential manner to form ring oscillator with sleepy nmos and sleepy pmos transistors. Introduction a cmos vco voltagecontrolled oscillator which is commonly built using ring structures, relaxation circuits, or an lc resonant circuit are one of the important blocks in data communication that requires lowphase noise performance 1,2. This paper presents an intelligent sizing method to improve the performance and efficiency of a cmos ring oscillator ro. Hi everyone, i want to simulate a ring oscillator under process variation with monte carlo in hspice.
This study presents a twostage ring voltagecontrolled oscillator vco for use in impulseradio ultrawideband iruwb applications. Design and layout of a ring oscillator in cadence in this section we will present the design, fig. Analysis of feedforward ring oscillators and its application to highspeed multiphase clock generation by pyungsu han submitted to the department of electrical and electronic engineering in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy at the the graduate school yonsei university december 2008. In this work to reduce the leakage power, sleepy transistor technique is used for differential ring oscillator ro. All the adjustment in this example is done using the star hspice optimization analysis. In this application note, let us model some voltage controlled oscillators vcos, such as, dual integrator vco and controlled reactance vco, using pspice. Ee 220d ltspice discussions, examples, and even more videos for first semester circuits. Pdf on the lowpower design, stability improvement and. Lc oscillators dont selfstart in spice because transient simulations dont model circuit noise. Effective drive current in cmos inverters for sub45nm. This paper presents design hints in cmos ring oscillators based on not gates. Minimization of average power consumption in 3 stage. Using pspice, simulate the cmos ring oscillator circuit in fig.
The paper analyzes and proposes some enhancements of ring oscillatorsbased physical unclonable functions pufs. Design of lowphase noise, lowpower ring oscillator for oc. If winspice has not been installed on your computer, you may do so by first installing the evaluation version from the course website. The presented results are obtained using hspice simulation and cmos library. Also, parasitic technology parameters for both foundries in 0. In this paper, we present a flexible ring oscillator ip designed for a 40nm cmos technology, whose oscillation frequency can be chosen from 200khz to 20mhz. Using the atacs design tool, we designed highly optimized transistorlevel circuits to control the ring oscillator and generate the clock and handshake signals with minimal. Performance analysis of oscillating frequency of a source coupled. The exact equations on the amplitude and frequency is derived in the proposed method.
Because an array oscillator is based on a series of ring oscillators, this paper will begin with a description of precise delay generation using ring oscillators. Device and circuit design challenges in the digital. Hspice tutorial university of california, berkeley. Analytical results confirm the simulation results in 0. Device physics, modeling, and fabrication cse 577 spring 2011 insoo kim, kyusun choi. Hypersensitive parameteridentifying ring oscillators for lithography process monitoring wang, lynn t. However, it is not written that you must trust hspice and so the units can be manually assigned by. It provides the condition which the oscillator passes from being linear to nonlinear. Simulate the ring oscillator circuit using harmony.
As the technology feature size shrinks, leakage power is dominating in the total chip power consumption of vlsi circuits. Design and optimization of the ring oscillator based. A new analytical approach is proposed for differential ring oscillators. Ring oscillator circuits are a valuable test structure for determining the feasibility and success of an integrated circuit process fabrication sequence.
Hspice applications manual university of rochester. Soc prototyping and validating during dsm cmos technology. Kwasniewski, member, ieee abstract a general ring oscillator topology for multiphase outputs is presented and analyzed. It is often used to measure the speed of a process. Brief introduction to hspice simulation wojciech giziewicz 1 introduction this document is based on one written by ihsan djomehri, spring 1999. The new netlist incorporates many of the spice features. However, since output pads as well as silicon area must be optimized, a test procedure. Testing the ring oscillator in order to overcome the errors of direct measurement, the ring oscillator is used. Optimization of water distribution network design using the shuffled leaping algorithm.
Design of modified low power cmos differential ring. The input capacitance is adjusted by using the inverter in a ring oscillator. Cmos ring voltage controlled oscillator with combined delay stages is presented. Chapter 11 optimizing performance oregon state university. Hypersensitive parameteridentifying ring oscillators for. Contents device characterization model parameter mosfet iv relationship iv, vth simulation ring oscillator simulation device physics for circuit designers. Statistical modeling for monte carlo simulation using hspice.
Electronic circuit optimization this project is dedicated to the optimization of any electrical and electronic circuits and compon. It was developed using a new design approach, in which analog ips are designed from scratch to be flexible, employing modular blocks that can be easily customized. This is actually a keyword common to all elements including subcircuits, except for voltage sources. Most of the examples in the application note use the analog behavioral modeling capabilities of pspice. Design and optimization of mos current mode logic for.
Therefore,whenever theres a devviation from this the circuit starts oscillating and this goes on indefinitely because of the feedback. The 3 stage cmos ring oscillator using single ended inverters is shown in figure 1 and 2. Ring oscillator with low frequency dispersion low v dd sensitivity, f clk. Select download center hspice version number release notes. Both the unix and windows versions are available in the lab and from. A cmos voltage controlled ring oscillator with improved. The topology uses the interpolating inverter stages to construct fast subfeedback loops for long chain. In this paper, architectures of not gate and conventional ring oscillator have been proposed using ccntfets and their operational characteristics are checked using the simulator agilent design. The new netlist incorporates many of the spice features that you will need for from ele 447 at university of rhode island. A combined skewed ring oscillator by different type of delay stages is presented.
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